Chapter 3 Vocabulary
agricola, farmer
ancilla, slave woman aqua, water casa, cottage, hut, shed, little house certē, certainly, surely, indeed columna, column Cornēliāna, belonging to Cornelius, Cornelius' domina, mistress fīlia, daughter labōrat, he/she/it works labōrant, they work |
lāta, wide, broad
multa, much multae, many nauta, sailor pulchra, beautiful, handsome, pretty Secunda, Secunda (second daughter of Cornelius) silva, forest, woods terra, land, earth Tullia, Tullia (wife of Cornelius) vīlla, villa, farm, country estate |
Chapter 3 Derivatives
ancilla, ancillary
aqua, aqua- (ex. "aquarium") casa, casino columna, column, colonnade, colonel domina, Donna, primadonna, dominate, dominant, dominance, dame filia, filial labōrat, labor, laboratory, collaborate, ellaborate |
multa, multi- (ex. "multimillionaire")
nauta, astronaut, aeronaut, aquanaut, nautical pulchra, pulchritude silva, Sylvia, Silas, Sylvester, sylvan, savage, Pennsylvania terra, extraterrestrial, terrain, terrestrial, terracotta, terrarium, terrace, Australia, subterranean, terrier, Mediterranean, territory vīlla, village, villa, villain |
VĪLLA RŌMĀNA
Try hitting the "Highlighted Story" tab. This will change throughout the year, but it will highlight the noun cases we've learned in different colors. Use this key to help you translate the chapter story!
Nominative Case (Subjects)
Accusative Case (Direct Objects)
Accusative Case (Direct Objects)
Latin Text
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Estne vīlla Americāna? Vīlla nōn est Americāna. Vīlla est Rōmāna. Vīlla Rōmāna casās parvās et multam terram habet. Vīlla Rōmāna est Vīlla Corneliāna. Vīlla Corneliāna est longa et lāta. Nōnne vīlla Corneliāna est magna et pulchra? Vīlla Corneliāna est magna et pulchra. Vīlla columnās habet. Num casa parva columnās habet? Casa parva columnās nōn habet. Quis est fēmina? Tullia est fēmina. Nōnne Tullia est Rōmāna? Certē Tullia est Rōmāna. Tullia domina est. Domina multās ancillās habet. Ancillae labōrant. Habetne Tullia fīliās? Tullia fīliās habet. Cornēlia et Secunda fīliae sunt. Stantne Cornēlia et Secunda? Puellae nōn stant sed fēmina stat. Labōrantne agricolae? Agricolae labōrant. Nōnne terra agricolās dēlectat? Terra agricolās dēlectat. Agricolae et terram et silvam amant. Num terram nautae amant? Terram nautae nōn amant. Nautās nōn terra sed aqua dēlectat. Nōnne vīlla Corneliāna et Tulliam et fīliās dēlectat? Villa Corneliāna et Tulliam et fīliās dēlectat. Estne vīlla Americāna? Vīlla nōn est Americāna. Vīlla est Rōmāna. Vīlla Rōmāna casās parvās et multam terram habet. Vīlla Rōmāna est Vīlla Corneliāna. Vīlla Corneliāna est longa et lāta. Nōnne vīlla Corneliāna est magna et pulchra? Vīlla Corneliāna est magna et pulchra. Vīlla columnās habet. Num casa parva columnās habet? Casa parva columnās nōn habet. Quis est fēmina? Tullia est fēmina. Nōnne Tullia est Rōmāna? Certē Tullia est Rōmāna. Tullia domina est. Domina multās ancillās habet. Ancillae labōrant. Habetne Tullia fīliās? Tullia fīliās habet. Cornēlia et Secunda fīliae sunt. Stantne Cornēlia et Secunda? Puellae nōn stant sed fēmina stat. Labōrantne agricolae? Agricolae labōrant. Nōnne terra agricolās dēlectat? Terra agricolās dēlectat. Agricolae et terram et silvam amant. Num terram nautae amant? Terram nautae nōn amant. Nautās nōn terra sed aqua dēlectat. Nōnne vīlla Corneliāna et Tulliam et fīliās dēlectat? Villa Corneliāna et Tulliam et fīliās dēlectat. |
Translation Video |
VĪLLA RŌMĀNA: Discussion
- The form of the English questions "Is this an American villa?" does not show whether "yes" or "no" is the likely answer. The Latin question "Estne villa Americana?" is like the English question, in that we can't tell whether to expect a yes or no answer.
- In Latin, to indicate a specific yes or no question, we use the ending "-ne". This is called an "enclitic," meaning it is joined to another word. The enclicit "-ne" is often attached to the verb for emphasis and this emphasized verb is often put at the beginning of the question
- In the English question "Isn't this an American villa?" can you tell what answer is expected? The Latin question "Nonne villa Corneliana est magna et pulchra?" is a question of the same kind: the form shows that the answer "yes" is expected.
- In English, when we want to indicate that "no" is the expected answer, we need to change the form of the question. We say, for instance, The little hut doesn't have columns, does it? That question is equivalent to the Latin "Num casa parva columnas habet?" That is, the "num" at the beginning of the question shows that a negative answer is expected. The way of showing this in Latin is much simpler than in English.
- Questions that begin with interrogative words like "Quis," "Qualis," or "Cur" cannot ordinarily be answered by "yes" or "no"
- There is no Latin word exactly equivalent to "yes" or "no." To answer "yes," one or more emphatic words in the question, or the whole question, may be repeated: for instance, "Habetne Tullia filias?" (Does Tullia have daughters?). An answer of "Habet" or "Filias habet" would indicate "yes." To answer "no," the emphatic words may be repeated with the addition of "non" as in "Estne villa Americana?" "Non est" or "Non est villa Americana."
VĪLLA RŌMĀNA: Responde Latine
1. Estne vīlla Rōmāna?
2. Quālīs vīlla Corneliāna est? 3. Habetne vīlla Rōmāna multam terram? 4. Nōnne vīlla Rōmāna columnās habet? 5. Num casa columnās habet? 6. Quid vīlla Corneliāna habet? 7. Nōnne vīlla Corneliāna est magna? 8. Num est vīllā parvā? |
9. Habetne dominā ancillās?
10. Nōnne ancillae labōrant? 11. Nōnne Tullia fīliās habet? 12. Num puellae stant? 13. Nōnne agricolae labōrant? 14. Quid agricolae amant? 15. Quid nautae amant? |
Grammar Notes
Latin Questions with "-ne," "nonne" and "num"
How do we ask questions in Latin? It's a basic question, right? As you start your Latin journey it's important that we unlock this capability so that we can have more interesting discussions in Latin! In English, asking a question is fairly straightforward -- just put a question mark (?) at the end of your sentence and you're 90% of the way there. The other part of an English question is the word order. For instance, "Jim is happy" becomes "Is Jim happy?"
In Latin, though, it is a bit trickier since there are several ways to ask questions. Let's break them down below:
In Latin, though, it is a bit trickier since there are several ways to ask questions. Let's break them down below:
- To ask a simple "yes or no" question in Latin, we add "-ne" to the most important word of the question (for emphasis). The emphatic word is often the first word of the sentence. This "-ne" is known as an "enclitic", which is just a fancy way of saying something we attach to the end of a Latin word.
- "Laboratne agricola?" Is the farmer working?
- "Habetne domina ancillas?" Does the mistress have female slaves?
- N.B. when using "-ne", the speaker does NOT know whether the answer will be 'yes" or "no"
- The word "nonne" is used to introduce questions to which the speaker expects the answer to be "yes"
- "Nonne agricola laborant?" Isn't the farmer working?
- "Nonne villa Romana columnas habet?" Doesn't the Roman villa have columns?
- The question word "num" is used to introduce questions to which the speaker expects the answer to be "no"
- "Num agricola laborat?" The farmer isn't working, is he?
Key Ideas
- "-ne" = yes or no question; the speaker has no idea what the answer will be
- "nonne" = question where "yes" is the expected answer
- "num" = question where "no" is the expected answer
Chapter 3 Grammar Exercises
Grammar Exercise 1:
Supply the correct case endings for each sentence. Then translate. Check the Answer Key when you are done!
Supply the correct case endings for each sentence. Then translate. Check the Answer Key when you are done!
1. Tullia fili___ bon___ amat.
2. Silva pulchra domin___ Rōmān___ dēlectat. 3. Fēmin___ vīll___ et ancill___ habet. 4. Ancill___ labōrant quod domin___ amant. 5. Vīll___ magn___ est pulchr___. 6. Agricolae silv___ amant. 7. Terra et silva agricol___ dēlectant. 8. Dēlectatne aqua naut___? 9. Nōnne fenestra est apert___? 10. Num casae sunt pulchr___? |
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Grammar Exercise 2: Write in Latin
Write the following English sentences in Latin. Check the Answer Key when you are done!
Write the following English sentences in Latin. Check the Answer Key when you are done!
1. Cornelius' villa has many columns.
2. The beautiful villa is both long and wide.
3. The villa pleases the mistress because it is large.
4. Why does the woman love the girls?
5. Tullia loves the girls because the girls are (her) daughters.
6. The girls are not working, are they?
7. Don't the slave women work?
8. Does the new cottage please the farmer?
9. Land delights farmers but water delights sailors.
10. Is the forest large? No; it is neither long nor wide.
2. The beautiful villa is both long and wide.
3. The villa pleases the mistress because it is large.
4. Why does the woman love the girls?
5. Tullia loves the girls because the girls are (her) daughters.
6. The girls are not working, are they?
7. Don't the slave women work?
8. Does the new cottage please the farmer?
9. Land delights farmers but water delights sailors.
10. Is the forest large? No; it is neither long nor wide.
Magistrula Practice
Click the link below to open a Magistrula practice set for this chapter. Just hit "BEGIN" and you're all set!
Chapter 3 Magistrula
Chapter 3 Magistrula